Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-10) 抑郁焦虑压力量表

synopsis（简介）

The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-10) is a brief 10-item version of the full version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). The DASS-10 can determine the overall level of distress as well as provides subscale scores for two symptom clusters: Depression and Anxiety/Stress

The scale was designed to be used for routine outcome monitoring in psychology practices and other mental health settings. It provides an overall level of distress that is sensitive to clinical change and can be used to track the effectiveness of treatment. It can be used with people 16 years and older.

抑郁焦虑压力量表（DASS-10）是完整版抑郁焦虑压力量表（DASS-42）的 10 个项目简表。DASS-10 可以确定总体的痛苦程度，并提供两个症状群的子量表分数： 抑郁和焦虑/压力
该量表旨在用于心理学实践和其他心理健康环境中的常规结果监测。该量表可提供对临床变化敏感的总体痛苦程度，并可用于跟踪治疗效果。可用于 16 岁及以上人群。

Validity and Reliability（信效度）

Halford and Frost (2021) developed the DASS-10 as a shorter version of the original DASS-42 and DASS-21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). EFA and CFA yielded two highly correlated factors: Anxiety-Stress and Depression subscales. Both subscales and the higher-order Distress factor had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83, 0.85, & 0.89 respectively; Halford & Frost, 2021).

Based on the above psychometric properties, reliable change was determined to be a five or more point change between first and last DASS-10 administration.

As expected, the validation study found the DASS-10 was able to discriminate between populations, with a clinical sample scoring significantly higher (mean =  7.67, SD = 4.36) than a community sample (mean = 3.01, SD 3.15). The community sample of newly wedded couples (n = 376) can be used to compute normative percentiles.

Halford 和 Frost（2021 年）开发了 DASS-10，作为最初 DASS-42 和 DASS-21 的简短版本（Lovibond 和 Lovibond，1995 年）。EFA 和 CFA 得出了两个高度相关的因子： 焦虑-压力子量表和抑郁子量表。这两个子量表和高阶压力因子具有很高的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha 分别为 0.83、0.85 和 0.89；Halford & Frost，2021 年）。
根据上述心理测量特性，可靠的变化被确定为首次和最后一次 DASS-10 施测之间五点或五点以上的变化。
正如预期的那样，验证研究发现 DASS-10 能够区分不同人群，临床样本的得分（平均值 = 7.67，标准差 = 4.36）明显高于社区样本（平均值 = 3.01，标准差 3.15）。新婚夫妇的社区样本（n = 376）可用于计算标准百分位数。

Scoring and Interpretation（得分解释）

The total score represents overall distress (0 to 30), with higher scores indicating more severe distress or a greater number of symptoms.  Two subscales are presented:

Anxiety-Stress: Items 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 (raw score range = 0 to 18)

Depression: Items  2, 3, 5, 10 (raw score range = 0 to 12)

Overall scores can be classified into three severity groups:

Mild/subclinical (raw score = 6 or less, average score 0.6 or less; which is equivalent to a percentile of 83 or less)

Moderate (raw score between 7 and 12, average between 0.7 and 1.2; which is equivalent to a percentile of between 84 and 99.8)

Severe (raw score 13 or more, average between 1.3 and 3; which is equivalent to a percentile of between of 99.9 or greater)

A normative percentile is computed based on a community sample (Halford & Frost, 2021), indicating how the respondent scored in relation to a typical pattern of responding for adults. For example, a percentile of 83 or less indicates the individual has less distress than 83 percent of the normal population, and puts them in the mild/subclinical category. In mental health settings it is typical to see people with percentiles in the 90s.

In addition to the raw score being computed, average scores are calculated by dividing the raw score by the number of items, giving a sense of the general pattern of responding at the subscale level. Average scores are helpful for interpretation as they allow comparisons between total score and subscales.  When administered more than once, average scores are graphed, showing the change in symptoms over time.

Based on reliable change calculations, interpretive text is provided describing the respondent’s change in symptoms from first to last administrations, as either having experinced:

deterioration (increase in scores by 5 or more)

no reliable change (scores changed by 4 or less)

reliable improvement (scores reduced by 5 or more)

recovery (scores reduced by 5 or more and most recent score is 6 or less, putting the in the Mild/Subclinical range)

总分代表总体痛苦程度（0 至 30 分），分数越高，表示痛苦程度越严重或症状越多。 有两个分量表：
焦虑-压力： 项目 1、4、6、7、8、9（原始分范围 = 0 至 18 分）
抑郁： 项目 2、3、5、10（原始分数范围 = 0 至 12）
总分可分为三个严重程度组：
轻度/亚临床（原始分 = 6 或更低，平均分 0.6 或更低；相当于百分位数 83 或更低）
中度（原始分数介于 7 和 12 之间，平均分数介于 0.7 和 1.2 之间；相当于百分位数介于 84 和 99.8 之间）
严重（原始分数在 13 分或以上，平均值在 1.3 和 3 之间；相当于百分位数在 99.9 或以上之间）
常模百分位数是根据社区样本计算得出的（Halford & Frost，2021 年），表示受访者的得分与成年人典型的回答模式之间的关系。例如，百分位数为 83 或更低，表明该人的痛苦程度低于正常人群的 83%，属于轻度/亚临床类别。在心理健康环境中，百分位数在 90 分以上的人很常见。
除了计算原始分外，还可以通过原始分除以项目数来计算平均分，从而了解子量表层面的一般反应模式。平均分有助于解释，因为它们可以在总分和分量表之间进行比较。 如果进行多次施测，平均分会制成图表，显示症状随时间的变化。
根据可靠的变化计算结果，提供解释性文字，描述受访者从第一次到最后一次施测期间的症状变化，如经历了以下两种情况之一：
恶化（分数增加 5 分或更多）
无可靠变化（分数变化在 4 分或以下）
有可靠的改善（分数减少 5 分或以上）
恢复（得分减少 5 分或更多，最近得分为 6 分或更少，属于轻度/亚临床范围）