Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI) 容貌焦虑量表
synopsis（简介）
The Appearance Anxiety Inventory is a 10 question self-report scale that measures the cognitive and behavioural aspects of body image anxiety in general, and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in particular. This scale is useful as part of a diagnostic procedure for BDD as well as symptom monitoring during treatment.
外貌焦虑量表是一个有 10 个问题的自我报告量表，用于测量身体形象焦虑症，尤其是身体畸形障碍（BDD）的认知和行为方面。该量表可作为 BDD 诊断程序的一部分，也可用于治疗期间的症状监测。
Validity and Reliability（效度和信度）
The AAI was developed by Veale et al (2014). They examined the psychometric properties in a clinical BDD sample and non-clinical community sample in the UK. The AAI was found to have good convergent validity, with correlations of .55 with the clinician rated YBOCS-BDD and .58 with the PHQ9. Internal consistency was high, with a Cronbachs Alpha of .86. Two subscales were found using factor analysis; Avoidance and Threat Monitoring.
The BDD validation sample (n = 139) had a median age of 28 and was 51.8% female. A subgroup of 12 participants had a median AAI score of 26 at diagnosis and 10.50 after CBT treatment.
The non-clinical community sample (n = 108) was used to establish the normal levels of appearance anxiety among relatively healthy individuals. The group had a median age of 28.5 and 75.9% were female. The mean score was 15.45 (SD = 8.68).
AAI 由 Veale 等人（2014 年）开发。他们研究了英国临床 BDD 样本和非临床社区样本的心理计量特性。研究发现 AAI 具有良好的收敛效度，与临床医生评定的 YBOCS-BDD 相关性为 0.55，与 PHQ9 相关性为 0.58。内部一致性很高，Cronbachs Alpha 为 0.86。通过因子分析发现了两个子量表："回避 "和 "威胁监测"。
BDD 验证样本（n = 139）的中位年龄为 28 岁，51.8% 为女性。由 12 名参与者组成的子群在诊断时的 AAI 中位数为 26 分，CBT 治疗后为 10.50 分。
非临床社区样本（108 人）用于确定相对健康的人的正常外貌焦虑水平。样本年龄中位数为 28.5 岁，75.9% 为女性。平均得分为 15.45（标准差 = 8.68）。
Interpretation and Scoring（得分解释）
Scores consistent of a total raw score derived by summing each item as well as two subscales.
– Avoidance (items 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 10)
– Threat Monitoring (items 2, 4, 6 and 8)
Two percentiles are presented to indicate how AAI scores compare to a body dysmorphic disorder group and a community sample. A BDD percentile of 50 indicates average symptoms for someone with a BDD diagnosis before treatment, while the community percentile represents scores in comparison to a normal population.
Veale et al. (2014) did not define a cut-off score for BDD diagnosis but Mastro et al. (2016) suggested a cutoff score of 20 as being indicative of high risk of clinical problems.
分数包括由每个项目和两个分量表相加得出的原始总分和两个分量表。
- 回避（项目 1、3、5、7、9 和 10）
- 威胁监测（项目 2、4、6 和 8）
两个百分位数显示了 AAI 分数与身体畸形障碍群体和社区样本的比较情况。身体畸形障碍百分位数为 50 表示在治疗前被诊断为身体畸形障碍者的平均症状，而社区百分位数则表示与正常人群相比的分数。
Veale 等人（2014 年）没有定义 BDD 诊断的临界分值，但 Mastro 等人（2016 年）建议将临界分值定为 20 分，认为这表明存在临床问题的风险很高。